Садржај
Pisolithus tintorius (Pisolithus tinctorius)
- Pisolitus rootless
- Lycoperdon capitatum
- Pisolithus arhizus
- Scleroderma dye
- Pisolitus rootless;
- Lycoperdon capitatum;
- Pisolithus arhizus;
- Scleroderma dye.
Екстерни опис
The fruiting bodies of the rootless pisolitus are quite large, they can reach a height of 5 to 20 cm, and a diameter of 4 to 11 (in some cases up to 20) cm. .
The pseudopod of this fungus is characterized by a length of 1 to 8 cm and a diameter of about 2-3 cm. It is deeply rooted, fibrous and very dense. In young mushrooms, it is weakly expressed, and in mature ones it becomes very unpleasant, repulsive.
Сезона гњураца и станиште
Previously, Pisolithus tinctorius mushroom was classified as a cosmopolitan mushroom, and it could be found almost everywhere, except for regions located beyond the Arctic Circle. The habitat boundaries of this fungus are currently being revised, since some of its subspecies growing, for example, in the Southern Hemisphere and the tropics, are classified as separate varieties. On the basis of this information, it can be said that pisolitus dye is found on the territory of the Holarctic, but its varieties found in South Africa and Asia, Central Africa, Australia, and New Zealand most likely belong to related types. On the territory of Our Country, pisolithus dye can be seen in Western Siberia, in the Far East and in the Caucasus. The period of the most active fruiting occurs in the summer and early autumn. Grows either singly or in small groups.
Dyeing pisolithus grows mainly on acidic and poor soils, on forest clearings, gradually overgrown, on greening dumps and gradually overgrown quarries. However, these mushrooms can never be seen on limestone type soils. It rarely grows in forests that are practically untouched by man. Can form mycorrhiza with birch and coniferous trees. It is a mycorrhiza former with eucalyptus, poplars and oaks.
Јестивост
Most mushroom pickers consider pisolithus tint an inedible mushroom, but some sources say that the unripe fruiting bodies of these mushrooms can be safely eaten.
Mature mushrooms of this species are used in southern Europe as a technical dye plant, from which yellow dye is obtained.
Слични типови и разлике од њих
The characteristic appearance of the dye pisolitus, and the presence of a multi-chamber gleba in it, allows mushroom pickers to immediately distinguish these mushrooms from other species. This variety of mushrooms does not have fruiting bodies similar in appearance.
Остале информације о печурки
The generic name of the described mushroom comes from two words that have Greek roots: pisos (which means “peas”) and lithos (translated into as “stone”). Pisolithus dye contains a special substance called triterpene pizosterol. It is isolated from the fruiting body of the fungus and used for the production of drugs that can effectively fight active tumors.
Pisolitus dyer has the ability to grow on acidic and nutrient-poor soils. This quality, in turn, gives fungi of this species a significant ecological value for the restoration and cultivation of forests in areas with soils that have technogenic disturbances. The same type of fungus is used for reforestation in quarries and dumps.